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Artithmetic - Percentages (Profit/Loss, Interest, Markups)

Arithmetic GMAT GRE Mathematics Practice Set
100 MCQs
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1
What is the simple interest on Rs. 5413 at 3% per annum for 7 years?
Medium
ExplanationSimple Interest = (P × R × T) / 100 = (5413 × 3 × 7) / 100 = Rs. 1136.73.
2
A value is first decreased by 18% and then increased by 32%. What is the overall net percentage change?
Medium
ExplanationStarting with 100: after the first change it becomes 82.00, and after the second change it becomes 108.24 — a net change of +8.24% from the original 100.
3
What is the simple interest on Rs. 2891 at 10% per annum for 7 years?
Medium
ExplanationSimple Interest = (P × R × T) / 100 = (2891 × 10 × 7) / 100 = Rs. 2023.7.
4
58 is what percent of 464?
Medium
Explanation(58 / 464) × 100 = 12.5%.
5
Rs. 2634 is invested at 2% simple interest per annum for 3 years. What is the total amount after 3 years?
Medium
ExplanationAmount = Principal + Interest = 2634 + 158.04 = Rs. 2792.04.
6
Rs. 16732 is invested at 12.5% simple interest per annum for 1 year. What is the total amount after 1 year?
Medium
ExplanationAmount = Principal + Interest = 16732 + 2091.5 = Rs. 18823.5.
7
A shopkeeper marks up an item costing Rs. 426 by 28%. What is the markup amount (in Rs.)?
Medium
ExplanationMarkup amount = CP × 28/100 = 426 × 0.2800 = Rs. 119.28.
8
After a 44% decrease, a quantity became 322. What was the original quantity?
Medium
ExplanationOriginal × (1 − 44/100) = 322, so original = 322 / 0.5600 = 575.
9
What is the simple interest on Rs. 6016 at 10% per annum for 5 years?
Medium
ExplanationSimple Interest = (P × R × T) / 100 = (6016 × 10 × 5) / 100 = Rs. 3008.
10
What is the difference between the compound interest and simple interest on Rs. 9375 at 8% per annum for 2 years?
Medium
ExplanationFor 2 years, the difference between CI and SI is always P × (R/100)^2 = 9375 × (8/100)^2 = Rs. 60.
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11
An interest rate rises from 33% to 38%. By how many percentage points did it increase?
Medium
ExplanationA percentage-point increase is a simple subtraction: 38% − 33% = 5 percentage points.
12
Rs. 661 is invested at 2% simple interest per annum for 5 years. What is the total amount after 5 years?
Medium
ExplanationAmount = Principal + Interest = 661 + 66.1 = Rs. 727.1.
13
What single discount is equivalent to two successive discounts of 45% and 30%?
Medium
ExplanationEquivalent discount = 100 − (100−45)(100−30)/100 = 61.5%.
14
A value increases from 540 to 783. What is the percentage increase?
Medium
ExplanationPercentage increase = ((783 − 540) / 540) × 100 = 45%.
15
After a 55% increase, a quantity became 155. What was the original quantity?
Medium
ExplanationOriginal × (1 + 55/100) = 155, so original = 155 / 1.5500 = 100.
16
What is the compound interest on Rs. 176 at 25% per annum, compounded annually, for 2 years?
Medium
ExplanationAmount = P(1 + R/100)^2 = 176 × (1 + 25/100)^2 = Rs. 275, so CI = Rs. 275 − Rs. 176 = Rs. 99.
17
By selling an item for Rs. 434, a trader incurs a loss of 50%. What was the cost price?
Medium
ExplanationCost price = SP / (1 − 50/100) = 434 / 0.5000 = Rs. 868.
18
Rs. 10553 is invested at 2% simple interest per annum for 3 years. What is the total amount after 3 years?
Medium
ExplanationAmount = Principal + Interest = 10553 + 633.18 = Rs. 11186.18.
19
What is 3% of 531?
Medium
Explanation3% of 531 = (3/100) × 531 = 15.93.
20
What is the difference between the compound interest and simple interest on Rs. 11875 at 12% per annum for 2 years?
Medium
ExplanationFor 2 years, the difference between CI and SI is always P × (R/100)^2 = 11875 × (12/100)^2 = Rs. 171.
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21
What is the simple interest on Rs. 13071 at 5% per annum for 2 years?
Medium
ExplanationSimple Interest = (P × R × T) / 100 = (13071 × 5 × 2) / 100 = Rs. 1307.1.
22
A value is first decreased by 28% and then increased by 20%. What is the overall net percentage change?
Medium
ExplanationStarting with 100: after the first change it becomes 72.00, and after the second change it becomes 86.40 — a net change of -13.6% from the original 100.
23
A sum of Rs. 1620 earns Rs. 1296 in simple interest over 4 years. What is the annual interest rate?
Medium
ExplanationRate = (SI × 100) / (P × T) = (1296 × 100) / (1620 × 4) = 20%.
24
What is the difference between the compound interest and simple interest on Rs. 5000 at 8% per annum for 2 years?
Medium
ExplanationFor 2 years, the difference between CI and SI is always P × (R/100)^2 = 5000 × (8/100)^2 = Rs. 32.
25
A shopkeeper marks up an item costing Rs. 500 by 12.5%. What is the markup amount (in Rs.)?
Medium
ExplanationMarkup amount = CP × 12.5/100 = 500 × 0.1250 = Rs. 62.5.
26
Rs. 12270 is invested at 12.5% simple interest per annum for 3 years. What is the total amount after 3 years?
Medium
ExplanationAmount = Principal + Interest = 12270 + 4601.25 = Rs. 16871.25.
27
What is the simple interest on Rs. 3714 at 7.5% per annum for 2 years?
Medium
ExplanationSimple Interest = (P × R × T) / 100 = (3714 × 7.5 × 2) / 100 = Rs. 557.1.
28
What single discount is equivalent to two successive discounts of 20% and 25%?
Medium
ExplanationEquivalent discount = 100 − (100−20)(100−25)/100 = 40%.
29
Rs. 12908 is invested at 13% simple interest per annum for 5 years. What is the total amount after 5 years?
Medium
ExplanationAmount = Principal + Interest = 12908 + 8390.2 = Rs. 21298.2.
30
A value is first increased by 30% and then increased by 16%. What is the overall net percentage change?
Medium
ExplanationStarting with 100: after the first change it becomes 130.00, and after the second change it becomes 150.80 — a net change of +50.8% from the original 100.
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31
What is the simple interest on Rs. 18042 at 16% per annum for 7 years?
Medium
ExplanationSimple Interest = (P × R × T) / 100 = (18042 × 16 × 7) / 100 = Rs. 20207.04.
32
Rs. 10170 is invested at 16% simple interest per annum for 6 years. What is the total amount after 6 years?
Medium
ExplanationAmount = Principal + Interest = 10170 + 9763.2 = Rs. 19933.2.
33
An interest rate rises from 19% to 49%. By how many percentage points did it increase?
Medium
ExplanationA percentage-point increase is a simple subtraction: 49% − 19% = 30 percentage points.
34
A sum of Rs. 2186 at 10% simple interest per annum earns Rs. 2186 in interest. For how many years was it invested?
Medium
ExplanationTime = (SI × 100) / (P × R) = (2186 × 100) / (2186 × 10) = 10 years.
35
A value is first decreased by 60% and then decreased by 10%. What is the overall net percentage change?
Medium
ExplanationStarting with 100: after the first change it becomes 40.00, and after the second change it becomes 36.00 — a net change of -64% from the original 100.
36
What is 3% of 386?
Medium
Explanation3% of 386 = (3/100) × 386 = 11.58.
37
After a 60% increase, a quantity became 936. What was the original quantity?
Medium
ExplanationOriginal × (1 + 60/100) = 936, so original = 936 / 1.6000 = 585.
38
Rs. 10553 is invested at 2% simple interest per annum for 3 years. What is the total amount after 3 years?
Medium
ExplanationAmount = Principal + Interest = 10553 + 633.18 = Rs. 11186.18.
39
A shopkeeper marks up an item costing Rs. 1751 by 45%. What is the markup amount (in Rs.)?
Medium
ExplanationMarkup amount = CP × 45/100 = 1751 × 0.4500 = Rs. 787.95.
40
An interest rate rises from 49% to 68%. By how many percentage points did it increase?
Medium
ExplanationA percentage-point increase is a simple subtraction: 68% − 49% = 19 percentage points.
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41
What single discount is equivalent to two successive discounts of 36% and 45%?
Medium
ExplanationEquivalent discount = 100 − (100−36)(100−45)/100 = 64.8%.
42
What is 20% of 423?
Medium
Explanation20% of 423 = (20/100) × 423 = 84.6.
43
What is 70% of 460?
Medium
Explanation70% of 460 = (70/100) × 460 = 322.
44
A shop offers successive discounts of 10% and 28% on an item marked at Rs. 4750. What is the final selling price?
Medium
ExplanationFinal price = 4750 × (1 − 10/100) × (1 − 28/100) = Rs. 3078.
45
A shopkeeper buys an item for Rs. 1080 and sells it for Rs. 1566. What is the profit percentage?
Medium
ExplanationProfit % = ((SP − CP) / CP) × 100 = ((1566 − 1080) / 1080) × 100 = 45%.
46
Rs. 19877 is invested at 9% simple interest per annum for 3 years. What is the total amount after 3 years?
Medium
ExplanationAmount = Principal + Interest = 19877 + 5366.79 = Rs. 25243.79.
47
What single discount is equivalent to two successive discounts of 32% and 18%?
Medium
ExplanationEquivalent discount = 100 − (100−32)(100−18)/100 = 44.24%.
48
What single discount is equivalent to two successive discounts of 4% and 12.5%?
Medium
ExplanationEquivalent discount = 100 − (100−4)(100−12.5)/100 = 16%.
49
At 16% simple interest per annum, a sum earns Rs. 11844 in 5 years. What is the principal?
Medium
ExplanationPrincipal = (SI × 100) / (R × T) = (11844 × 100) / (16 × 5) = Rs. 14805.
50
What is 25% of 117?
Medium
Explanation25% of 117 = (25/100) × 117 = 29.25.
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51
What is the simple interest on Rs. 18999 at 14% per annum for 5 years?
Medium
ExplanationSimple Interest = (P × R × T) / 100 = (18999 × 14 × 5) / 100 = Rs. 13299.3.
52
An interest rate rises from 45% to 64%. By how many percentage points did it increase?
Medium
ExplanationA percentage-point increase is a simple subtraction: 64% − 45% = 19 percentage points.
53
Rs. 15057 is invested at 7% simple interest per annum for 8 years. What is the total amount after 8 years?
Medium
ExplanationAmount = Principal + Interest = 15057 + 8431.92 = Rs. 23488.92.
54
A shop offers successive discounts of 8% and 32% on an item marked at Rs. 1875. What is the final selling price?
Medium
ExplanationFinal price = 1875 × (1 − 8/100) × (1 − 32/100) = Rs. 1173.
55
What is 35% of 8% of 160?
Medium
Explanation35% of 8% of 160 = (35/100) × (8/100) × 160 = 4.48.
56
What is 75% of 20% of 1014?
Medium
Explanation75% of 20% of 1014 = (75/100) × (20/100) × 1014 = 152.1.
57
A shop offers successive discounts of 50% and 2% on an item marked at Rs. 3100. What is the final selling price?
Medium
ExplanationFinal price = 3100 × (1 − 50/100) × (1 − 2/100) = Rs. 1519.
58
What is 48% of 15% of 550?
Medium
Explanation48% of 15% of 550 = (48/100) × (15/100) × 550 = 39.6.
59
What is 10% of 589?
Medium
Explanation10% of 589 = (10/100) × 589 = 58.9.
60
A shopkeeper marks up an item costing Rs. 1439 by 16%. What is the markup amount (in Rs.)?
Medium
ExplanationMarkup amount = CP × 16/100 = 1439 × 0.1600 = Rs. 230.24.
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61
A value is first decreased by 28% and then decreased by 12%. What is the overall net percentage change?
Medium
ExplanationStarting with 100: after the first change it becomes 72.00, and after the second change it becomes 63.36 — a net change of -36.64% from the original 100.
62
What percent is 1/20?
Medium
Explanation1/20 × 100 = 5%.
63
A value is first increased by 2% and then decreased by 2%. What is the overall net percentage change?
Medium
ExplanationStarting with 100: after the first change it becomes 102.00, and after the second change it becomes 99.96 — a net change of -0.04% from the original 100.
64
A value is first decreased by 6% and then decreased by 10%. What is the overall net percentage change?
Medium
ExplanationStarting with 100: after the first change it becomes 94.00, and after the second change it becomes 84.60 — a net change of -15.4% from the original 100.
65
What single discount is equivalent to two successive discounts of 35% and 3%?
Medium
ExplanationEquivalent discount = 100 − (100−35)(100−3)/100 = 36.95%.
66
What single discount is equivalent to two successive discounts of 22% and 6%?
Medium
ExplanationEquivalent discount = 100 − (100−22)(100−6)/100 = 26.68%.
67
After a 60% increase, a quantity became 1232. What was the original quantity?
Medium
ExplanationOriginal × (1 + 60/100) = 1232, so original = 1232 / 1.6000 = 770.
68
What single discount is equivalent to two successive discounts of 5% and 28%?
Medium
ExplanationEquivalent discount = 100 − (100−5)(100−28)/100 = 31.6%.
69
What is 24% of 398?
Medium
Explanation24% of 398 = (24/100) × 398 = 95.52.
70
What is the simple interest on Rs. 4645 at 7% per annum for 5 years?
Medium
ExplanationSimple Interest = (P × R × T) / 100 = (4645 × 7 × 5) / 100 = Rs. 1625.75.
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71
What single discount is equivalent to two successive discounts of 10% and 20%?
Medium
ExplanationEquivalent discount = 100 − (100−10)(100−20)/100 = 28%.
72
A shop offers successive discounts of 25% and 8% on an item marked at Rs. 3600. What is the final selling price?
Medium
ExplanationFinal price = 3600 × (1 − 25/100) × (1 − 8/100) = Rs. 2484.
73
What single discount is equivalent to two successive discounts of 36% and 5%?
Medium
ExplanationEquivalent discount = 100 − (100−36)(100−5)/100 = 39.2%.
74
Rs. 19575 is invested at 11% simple interest per annum for 6 years. What is the total amount after 6 years?
Medium
ExplanationAmount = Principal + Interest = 19575 + 12919.5 = Rs. 32494.5.
75
A value is first increased by 3% and then increased by 55%. What is the overall net percentage change?
Medium
ExplanationStarting with 100: after the first change it becomes 103.00, and after the second change it becomes 159.65 — a net change of +59.65% from the original 100.
76
An interest rate rises from 29% to 58%. By how many percentage points did it increase?
Medium
ExplanationA percentage-point increase is a simple subtraction: 58% − 29% = 29 percentage points.
77
What is the simple interest on Rs. 16172 at 10% per annum for 3 years?
Medium
ExplanationSimple Interest = (P × R × T) / 100 = (16172 × 10 × 3) / 100 = Rs. 4851.6.
78
A shopkeeper marks up an item costing Rs. 569 by 48%. What is the markup amount (in Rs.)?
Medium
ExplanationMarkup amount = CP × 48/100 = 569 × 0.4800 = Rs. 273.12.
79
A value is first increased by 4% and then decreased by 16%. What is the overall net percentage change?
Medium
ExplanationStarting with 100: after the first change it becomes 104.00, and after the second change it becomes 87.36 — a net change of -12.64% from the original 100.
80
A shop offers successive discounts of 45% and 8% on an item marked at Rs. 5000. What is the final selling price?
Medium
ExplanationFinal price = 5000 × (1 − 45/100) × (1 − 8/100) = Rs. 2530.
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81
After a 25% increase, a quantity became 280. What was the original quantity?
Medium
ExplanationOriginal × (1 + 25/100) = 280, so original = 280 / 1.2500 = 224.
82
Rs. 15472 is invested at 16% simple interest per annum for 5 years. What is the total amount after 5 years?
Medium
ExplanationAmount = Principal + Interest = 15472 + 12377.6 = Rs. 27849.6.
83
An interest rate rises from 22% to 49%. By how many percentage points did it increase?
Medium
ExplanationA percentage-point increase is a simple subtraction: 49% − 22% = 27 percentage points.
84
Rs. 4604 is invested at 9% simple interest per annum for 3 years. What is the total amount after 3 years?
Medium
ExplanationAmount = Principal + Interest = 4604 + 1243.08 = Rs. 5847.08.
85
What is the difference between the compound interest and simple interest on Rs. 900 at 10% per annum for 2 years?
Medium
ExplanationFor 2 years, the difference between CI and SI is always P × (R/100)^2 = 900 × (10/100)^2 = Rs. 9.
86
What is the simple interest on Rs. 7261 at 8% per annum for 5 years?
Medium
ExplanationSimple Interest = (P × R × T) / 100 = (7261 × 8 × 5) / 100 = Rs. 2904.4.
87
A value is first increased by 64% and then increased by 4%. What is the overall net percentage change?
Medium
ExplanationStarting with 100: after the first change it becomes 164.00, and after the second change it becomes 170.56 — a net change of +70.56% from the original 100.
88
An interest rate rises from 10% to 39%. What is the percent increase relative to the original rate?
Medium
ExplanationRelative percent increase = (((39 − 10) / 10) × 100 = 290%. (Note this differs from the 29-percentage-point change.)
89
An interest rate rises from 31% to 57%. By how many percentage points did it increase?
Medium
ExplanationA percentage-point increase is a simple subtraction: 57% − 31% = 26 percentage points.
90
Rs. 2621 is invested at 16% simple interest per annum for 6 years. What is the total amount after 6 years?
Medium
ExplanationAmount = Principal + Interest = 2621 + 2516.16 = Rs. 5137.16.
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91
What is the simple interest on Rs. 17059 at 5% per annum for 6 years?
Medium
ExplanationSimple Interest = (P × R × T) / 100 = (17059 × 5 × 6) / 100 = Rs. 5117.7.
92
A value is first increased by 6% and then decreased by 75%. What is the overall net percentage change?
Medium
ExplanationStarting with 100: after the first change it becomes 106.00, and after the second change it becomes 26.50 — a net change of -73.5% from the original 100.
93
What is the simple interest on Rs. 12818 at 12% per annum for 7 years?
Medium
ExplanationSimple Interest = (P × R × T) / 100 = (12818 × 12 × 7) / 100 = Rs. 10767.12.
94
What single discount is equivalent to two successive discounts of 50% and 28%?
Medium
ExplanationEquivalent discount = 100 − (100−50)(100−28)/100 = 64%.
95
An interest rate rises from 30% to 48%. What is the percent increase relative to the original rate?
Medium
ExplanationRelative percent increase = (((48 − 30) / 30) × 100 = 60%. (Note this differs from the 18-percentage-point change.)
96
An item marked at Rs. 700 is sold at a discount of 28%. What is the selling price?
Medium
ExplanationSelling price = Marked price × (1 − 28/100) = 700 × 0.7200 = Rs. 504.
97
247 is what percent of 380?
Medium
Explanation(247 / 380) × 100 = 65%.
98
A shopkeeper marks up an item costing Rs. 1098 by 6%. What is the markup amount (in Rs.)?
Medium
ExplanationMarkup amount = CP × 6/100 = 1098 × 0.0600 = Rs. 65.88.
99
An interest rate rises from 32% to 34%. By how many percentage points did it increase?
Medium
ExplanationA percentage-point increase is a simple subtraction: 34% − 32% = 2 percentage points.
100
Rs. 8524 is invested at 12.5% simple interest per annum for 7 years. What is the total amount after 7 years?
Medium
ExplanationAmount = Principal + Interest = 8524 + 7458.5 = Rs. 15982.5.
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